Approaches to Curriculum Design free essay sample

The regular ways to deal with educational program configuration incorporate kid or student focused, subject-focused and issue focused methodologies. Kid or Learner-Centered Approach Child or Learner-focused methodology puts the youngster at the focal point of training. It starts with understanding the instructive settings from which a youngster comes. It proceeds with the instructor assessing the childs progress towards learning goals. The educational program is developed dependent on the necessities, premium, purposes and capacities of the students. Educators endeavor to expand understudy efficiency, information procurement, aptitudes increase and improvement of individual and expert capacities. Instructors may utilize an assortment of instructional devices and strategies, just as adaptable courses of action of time and spot. This structure thinks about the accompanying: 1. Another regard for the kid is major. 2. Another opportunity of activity is given. 3. The entire action is separated into units of work. 4. The acknowledgment of the requirement for utilizing and investigating numerous media for self-revelation and self-heading is grasped. We will compose a custom article test on Ways to deal with Curriculum Design or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Subject-focused Approach This methodology recommends unique and separate subjects into one wide field. The qualities of the topic, and the techniques, reasonable structures or connections which are found inside or among the topic, direct the sorts of exercises that will be chosen. Educational program producers who are building up an educational program composed around a given branch of knowledge; will take a gander at the realities, ideas, and abilities identified with, or included by, that branch of knowledge, and plan exercises that will lead students from their related involvements into dominance of the components of the branch of knowledge. This methodology thinks about the accompanying: ?The essential center is the topic. ?The accentuation is on odds and ends of data which are disengaged from life. ?The proceeding with quest for learning outside the school isn't accentuated. Learning should just occur inside the study hall. ?The topic fills in as a methods for recognizing issues in living. Issue focused Approach The reality where the students live and will work in will expect them to assemble, sort out, and decipher information during the time spent discovering answers for complex issues. It would appear to be just sensible to give a study hall setting where they will confront comparable issues. In reality, the issues they face won't be ones for which they are choosing answers from a lot of numerous decisions. This methodology expect that during the time spent living, youngsters experience issues. In this way, critical thinking empowers the students to turn out to be progressively ready to accomplish total or all out advancement as people. This methodology is portrayed by the accompanying perspectives and convictions: ?The students are fit for coordinating and managing themselves in settling issues, along these lines they become autonomous students. ?The students are set up to accept their municipal obligations through direct investment in various exercises. ?The educational program drives the students in the acknowledgment of concerns and issues and in looking for arrangements. The students are viewed as issue solvers.

Management 101 Essay Example

The executives 101 Essay This subject is worried about standards of overseeing business associations. The executives is essential to associations? business and survival.The dynamic nature of today? s associations implies that supervisors require certain information, abilities and skills to oversee associations adequately. The point of this subject is to furnish understudies with a presentation and outline of the board inside associations. The subject will look at the executives standards, ideas and hypotheses of the board, and give understudies a gratefulness and comprehension of different difficulties confronting directors in associations in today? serious worldwide condition. Destinations Upon culmination of this subject, understudies ought to have the option to: ? ? ? ? comprehend and fundamentally examine the development of the executives contemplations; basically assess and apply the board hypotheses, models and ideas of the board; be comfortable with the structure, conduct and condition of associations , and know about the significance of the executives towards achieving authoritative objectives in today? s serious world.TOPICS Topic 1 Topic 2 Topic 3 Topic 4 Topic 5 Topic 6 Topic 7 Introduction to Organizations and Management Evolution of Management Planning and Strategic Management Decision Making Organization Structure and Design Managing Work Teams Managing Human Resource 2 Topic 8 Topic 9 Topic 10 Topic 11 Topic 12 Topic 13 Leadership, Motivation and Communication Organizational Control and Information Technology Management Managing Change Innovation Managing Conflict Organizational Environment and Culture International Management Managerial Ethics and Social ResponsibilityPRESCRIBED TEXT Daft R. L. , (2012) New Era of Management, International Edition, tenth version SouthWestern Cengage Learning USA. Suggested REFERENCES Robbins, S. P. DeCenzo D. A. (2005) Fundamentals of Management, Essential Concepts and Applications, International edn, Fifth edn, Pearson Prentice Hall, US A. Jones G. R. George J. M. , (2007) Essentials of Contemporary Management, Second Edition, McGraw-Hill, USA. . 3 Subject Outline/Teaching Plan Department Lecturer Week 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 : Business Studies : Mr.Vincent Oh Topics Managing in Turbulent Times The Evolution of Management Thinking Planning and Goal Setting Strategy Formulation and Implementation Corporate Culture and the Environment Ethics and Social Responsibility Managing in Global Environment Quiz 1 (15/7 †19/7) Human Resource Management MID-TERM TEST/BREAK ( 29/7 2/8/2013) BREAK Leadership Motivation Individual Assignment (23/8/2013) Communication Quality and Performance Teamwork Quiz (2/9 †6/9) Group Presentation Decision Making Designing Adaptive Organizations Group Presentation FINAL EXAMINATION 16/9 †28/9/2013 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapters 17 and 19 Subject Code : D2MGT100 Subject Title : Organizations and Management References Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapters 7 and 8 Chapter 3 Chapter 5 Chap ter 4 Chapter 12 13 Chapter 18 14 15 16 Chapters 9 and 10 Prescibed Text: Daft R. L. , (2012) New Era of Management, International Edition tenth version South-Western Cengage Learning USA. 4 ASSESSMENTS There are 6 evaluation things for this subject. Appraisal Items 1. Mid Term Test (Closed Book) 2. Test 1 (Open Book) 3. Test 2 (Open Book) 4.Individual Assignment 5. Investment (Group Presentations) 6. Last, most important test (Closed Book) Value 20% 5% 10% half Due Date 29/7 2/8/2013 15/7 †19/7/2013 2/9 †6/9/2013 23/8/2013 Weeks 13 14. 16/9 †28/9/2013 (TBC) REQUIREMENTS To increase a go in this subject, understudies must: ? ? Accomplish a finishing grade in the last assessment I. e. score at least 25 checks out of 50, if there is an assessment for this subject Attempt ALL regions of appraisal; and accomplish an all out consequence of half or better generally speaking. ** Please beware of the notification board and My Acel for the real date. HELP University claims all authority to roll out any improvements to the above where proper. 5ASSESSMENT DETAILS D2MGT100: Organizations AND MANAGEMENT SEMESTER 2 2013 INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT (10% of absolute appraisal) CASE STUDY: WALMART PART TWO: THE ENVIRONMENT OF MANAGEMENT †Yao Ming, Jackie Chan, and Walmart: China Embraces Big Stars and Big Box Retailing. When you? re an American retailer with a huge number of stores generously all through the best shopping regions of the United States, sooner or later the inquiry emerges: â€Å"what next? † Top metal at Walmart were posing this inquiry in the late 1980s, when stores were blasting in the Southeast and spreading to each of the 50 states. Their answer? â€Å"Go worldwide. † Walmart? s initial move toward universal retailing happened in 1991 with the opening of a Sam? s Club close to Mexico City.Today Walmart International is the organization? s quickest developing specialty unit, representing 25 percent of absolute incomes. After legiti mate dispatch in 1993, the abroad activity ventured into 15 nations including Brazil, Canada, the United Kingdom, and Japan. Be that as it may, the best buzz has fixated on China, a developing business sector of 1. 3 billion individuals. Walmart? s experience in the place where there is winged serpents and sovereigns started in 1996 when rollout groups fabricated a supercenter in Shenzhen, a city only north of Hong Kong. Walmart? s China section was made conceivable by financial changes presented in the late 1980s under Chinese pioneer Deng Xiaoping. In a break from its neutralist past, China? socialist drove government started making unobtrusive concessions to free enterprise and Western organizations. The move started two many years of quick financial development, and Chinese shoppers presently purchase everything from level screen TVs and vehicles to planner clothing †they even buy lattes at Starbucks and chicken at KFC. China? s modernization has become represented by exper t ball star Yao Ming, Supergirl singing phenom Li Yuchun, Olympic title holder Liu Xiang, and Karate Kid hand to hand fighting entertainer Jackie Chan †Sino big names who have accomplished Western-style popularity and rewarding sponsorships with American organizations. As Walmart? s spread all through the People? Republic demonstrates, large box retailing is a hit with Chinese customers. In 2004, Walmart worked 39 stores in China. In 2010, the number arrived at 290 absolute units, including 104 Trust Mart Hypermarkets, 178 supercentres, and 4 Sam? s Clubs. The early achievement has made experts conjecture that Walmart China will in the long run have a greater number of stores than the household American market. Walmart China? s supercenters share much for all intents and purpose with their U. S. partners. The far reaching stores are loaded with piles of low-value stock, demonstrating that Sam Walton? s â€Å"stack? em high, watch? em fly† theory has risen above social li mits. Yet, contrasts exist too. Initial, 75 percent of Walmart? s nternational stores work under various pennant, mirroring the snare of acquisitions and joint endeavors Walmart uses to enter outside business sectors. Next, the determination of product offered in China supercenters is situated to the extraordinary tastes of Walmart? s 7 million week by week Chinese customers. Basic food item areas are supplied with live frogs, turtles, and fish †new apples of Chinese eating regimens †and natural American items are inquisitively modified, 6 similarly as with Tide cleanser, which is sold as a handwash clothing item because of the shortage of clothes washers in China. Douglas McMillion, Walmart International? s president and CEO, says that in spite of noticeable varieties among stores, the organization? s objective is the equivalent in each region of the world. The essential goal is to set aside individuals cash so they can live a little better,† said the head of Walmar t? s quickly developing fragment. â€Å"Our objective in each market where we work isn't just to convey items at an extraordinary worth, yet in addition to guarantee that the entirety of the items we sell are made in a moral and practical manner. † But running a global activity in â€Å"an moral and manageable way† is more difficult than one might expect. In 2010, Google left China over the nation? s severe oversight strategy and poor record on human rights. A long time prior, The Gap caused a firestorm of analysis by unexpectedly sourcing items made by kid workers in India. Goal on gaining from others? istakes, supervisors at Walmart have built up an Ethical Standards Program to review providers and guarantee the moral obtainment of products. â€Å"In our „Standard for Suppliers,† says McMillion, â€Å"we plot our desires that our providers must repay all laborers with wages and additional time premiums and benefits that meet or surpass nearby lawful nor ms, neighborhood industry principles, or aggregate understandings, whichever are higher. † Rajan Kamalanathan, VP of Ethical Standards, noticed that the program is set up to make the wisest decision for assembly line laborers and nature: â€Å"We not just carry practical and positive change to working conditions in production lines, we likewise help manufacture stepping stools to a superior life in the nations where we? re sourcing. The new program is demonstrating results: In 2006m the moral guidelines group directed 8,873 plant reviews †more than some other organization on the planet †prompting a 23 percent decline in high-hazard principles infringement. Policing the working environments and natural impressions of thousands of universal merchants might be a considerable undertaking, however administrators at Walmart state it? s a fundamental one. Administrator Lee Scott, in a conversation discussion supported by Fortune magazine, spread out the case for global mor als and corporate social obligation. â€Å"If China is permitted to deliver the world? s products without following sensible convention in securing the earth and ensuring people,† Scott contemplated, â€Å"ultimately governments will respond and plan something for balance that. So I think it? s in China? s wellbeing, and I think China gets that. Scott included that socially respons

Learning Activaties Essay

When working with youngsters particularly kids who you support in class you will be allowed the chance to include your own thoughts into the educators arranging, as you have your own subject matters or in the event that you are a balanced you will have your own insight into the kid you work with. At the point when you work with kids with exceptional necessities they will require more structure in the exercises that they do each day and you will know about their qualities and shortcomings. The youngster that I work with in school has a scope of challenges from social correspondence troubles to a discourse and language issue. Regular is diverse on the grounds that he is so exchangeable, one day he will sit and work with me and the following he won't need anything to do with me, now and then this makes it hard as the greater part of the work we do is organized around work given by different experts who come into school to help him (discourse and language, instruction analyst, correspondence and communication group and learning support). Since I work with him consistently I can perceive what works with him and what doesn’t and pretty much day by day I need to offer criticism to her so we can both arrangement the exercises for him for the following day. Here are a couple of instances of when I have offered productive proposals in supporting arranged learning exercises:- I was sat with the instructor one morning before the youngsters came into school since that is the point at which we do our getting ready for the kid I backing or we change whatever he must be upheld with in class. I saw that the instructor had arranged an expressions and specialty exercise that included the utilization of tissue paper, the kid that I support doesn't care for the touch or feel of tissue paper (I had done a movement with him the other week which had brought about him declining to whatever else with the tissue paper has he didn't care for the vibe he got so agitated and I needed to put the tissue paper away). I referenced this to the educator since I needed my youngster to be associated with the exercise however I didn't what them to upset the remainder of the class. So we concluded that we would modify the materials we were utilizing for the youngster that I support as well as for the entire class with the goal that he could feel remembered for the entire exercise. Another model was the point at which I was working with a gathering of kids doing a numeracy exercise. The exercise was tied in with gathering numbers together to the closest ten, I had a gathering of six youngsters one of which as unique needs first the educator disclosed to them in class what they were required to and revealed to them how to do it, I at that point took the six kids outside of the class and bolstered them with the exercise. The youngsters found the undertaking troublesome and couldn't get a handle on adjusting numbers to the closest ten. At the point when I took them once more into the study hall I conversed with the educator and clarified that a large portion of them found the errand hard and recommended that we adjust the undertaking by letting them utilize a number line to assist then with perceiving how to adjust the numbers to the closest ten. She concurred that I was correct and said that it was a smart thought for tomorrow’s numeracy exercise. By doing this I gave helpful recommendations to the instructor and upheld arranged learning exercises.

Ethnographic Comparison African, Indian, and Chinese cultures - Free Essay Example

Throughout the duration of this composition, I will provide cultural information depicted from the African, Indian, and Chinese cultures. The information will consist of background information, societal issues, policies that are implemented, and the profound decisions, law making and the way a group of individuals live in general. (Petrakis, Kostis, 2013) explained how cultural differences were a notion utilized in policy creation that highlights the impact of cultural capital on population and individual behavior. The cultural and social capitals experience stress when the individuals in charge of policy creation and how policies come into contact with financial incentives and the access to information that has an effect on widespread human conduct. The the accumulation of knowledge, behaviors, and skills is known as cultural capital, this is also a social asset that advances social mobility (Lareau, 1987). To give a better understanding, things that fit such a criteria may consist of, schooling, dress style, reason, outward impression, and verbal accent. The influence that these things exert over a culture covers mass communication, friends, establishments, and family members. Change is exhibited in many ways including societal normalities, and viewpoints that influence the actual implementation of action. The African, Indian and Chinese societies actually share some of the same qualities and are also able to be contrasted as well as it relates to cultural alterations, law making, and widespr ead fiscal determinations. India happens to be an extremely diverse religious country with many cultures living there and none of these differences has deterred their unionship. The Indian culture has greatly impacted the fiscal outcome and widespread way of living because of an incline in wise choices. This is largely attributed to the training of the Indians (Tenhunen), 2012). There exists a great educational system in place within the Indian culture. Such system aids with the raising and instilling of morals and values, along with helping them develop the skill of great decision making. Also, in their culture, children are raised in a way that propels the probability of them being a accountable progressive adult. The way that they dress is multifarious and distinctive as it pertains to fashion. It exhibits the diversity of cultures within the country. These distinctive ways of living has undoubtedly been a influential force as it relates to the behavior of individuals and the widespread normalities of livin g. Also, more individuals are in stable jobs in India than China and Africa. The continent of Africa is flourishing with countries being advanced, as well as so many different cultures and tribes. In Africa, the culture directly guides law making and fiscal behavior. For instance, education in Africa is progressively improving, individuals are realizing the importance of educating their familial construct in order to advance the future fiscal situation of the country. It has been asserted that the norms within the culture are able to impede the educational mutations. It requires much effort to terminate regressive societal normalities like female genitalia disfigurement. The dress code is an additional cultural capital that has a notable impact on the mutation of abilities into good beliefs that may be utilized to create more meaningful policies. Most African people have begun dressing in a more contemporary light. With the exception of those communities that still live in what is considered the wild. The quality of life in Africa is not adequate when equate d to China and India, this is largely attributed to lack of gainful labor and destitution. The way that the young is raised in Africa has an immense impact on the temperament and the way that the generation behaves and make decisions once they become of age. Many traditional families in Africa determines the role of the female to be one which takes care of and raises the children. This may cause a distorted development of conduct that could also cause distasteful being. China is the most populated country in the world. It has over 1billion people compared to 7 billion world population. Its economy is also one of the strongest in the world due to the use of modern technology in manufacturing of products. Because of that varied tribal, ethnic and racial population that is in one geographical place, there are various social and cultural aspects that influence the decision making, standards of living and general economic behavior of the country. According to Chu, G. C., Ju, Y. (1993), various forms of cultural capital such as education and intellect among others has enabled China to make public policies that helps the country to expand its global market of goods and services and thus creating a stronger economy. Education and the role of parenting in shaping child education is lower in china compared to India though there are many intellects in china because they stress in gaining of knowledge and technical skills even using informal means of education. The behavior of Chinese people and their innovative skills is a product of the kind of parenting and social influence by close associates that cause the culture change that has helped drive the economic performance of the country. Chinese enjoys higher standards compared to Africans and the Indians due to the use of skills and intellect to improve their infrastructures and other social amenities. The benefits, social problems and policy issues associated with culture change According to Liu, K. (2004), Culture change has been a benefit the three ethic societies but in varied measures depending on the degree of influence of the role of parenting, families, close associates and institutions in shaping the attitudes, believes and the behaviors of its people. The influence of culture change brings socio-economic development which in terms improves the standards of living, employment levels and the welfare of the people. Cultural capital is an ingredient in culture change that catalyses the efficiency of human capital to increase productivity by encouraging good attitude, behavior and focus in good policy and decision making. Adopting good behavior and channeling energy to better ways of improving the standards of living is the only way of ensuring that the optimal social welfare of the people is achieved. The social problems that will arise with culture change my include loss of morals, crime, widening of poverty gap and inequity in social welfare. This is due to unbalanced economic development among various regions in a country and the adopting of new ways of doing things. Conclusion In conclusion, its good to understand that culture change is a long-lasting social process. Policy makers should therefore endeavor to improve and redefine some of the basic cultural traits in the society that will enable people to focus of good decision making. Political and economic institutions should be reformed and restructured to give space to culture change. This will be the only way to influence change and gain from cultural capital that is sometimes underestimated by most policy makers. From the analysis of the three ethnic societies it is clear that culture change is good aspect of good policy and decision making. References Chu, G. C., Ju, Y. (1993). The great wall in ruins: Communication and cultural change in China. Albany: State Univ. of New York Press. Fonlon, B. N. (2010). Challenge of culture in Africa: From restoration to integration. Mankon, Bamenda, Cameroon: Langaa RPCIG. Lareau, A. (1987). Social class differences in family-school relationships: The importance of cultural capital. Sociology of education, 73-85. Liu, K. (2004). Globalization and cultural trends in China. Honolulu: Univ. of Hawaii Press. P.E. Petrakis, P.C. Kostis (2013) Economic Growth and Cultural Change, Journal of Socio-Economics, Issue C, Vol. 47, pp. 147-157, DOI 10.1016/j.socec.2013.02.011 Tenhunen, S., Sa?â‚ ¬a?â‚ ¬va?â‚ ¬la?â‚ ¬, M. (2012). An introduction to changing India: Culture, politics and development. London: Anthem Press.

Should We Rent An Apartment Or Pay For A Hospital How...

Imagine finding out that your child was diagnosed with cancer. I bet a million questions would be going through your head. How much is the treatment going to cost? How are we going to get to the hospital every time my child needs treatment? And how are we going to pay to get to there? Where will we stay? Should we rent an apartment or pay for a hotel? How much will housing cost? There are several answers to all of those questions. Families never receive a bill from St. Jude (â€Å"St. Jude Facts; Quick Facts Figures†). St. Jude will pay for the transportation to get to the hospital so families will never have to worry about paying for the gas or the ticket to get there (â€Å"Families Never Pay; Travel†). St. Jude will also pay for any meals or†¦show more content†¦If she was not cured, I would not be here today. She would have passed away if it would not have been for St. Jude’s and she would have never had me. Audience / Clients / Users Patients receiving treatment at St. Jude’s, as well as the hospital itself, will benefit from my project. The patient’s parents will also benefit because they will not have to worry about paying for anything. All they have to worry about is their child and being a good support system for them. Timeline September Deliverables Register our school and find out what the whole fundraiser entails before we register our school (9/29) Talk with Kim Johnson (Cheer Coach) (9/29) Talk with Mrs. Salsman (9/29) Daily Updates on Google Classroom October Deliverables Contact/be in touch with St. Jude Representative (10/10) Talk to/with GHS cheerleaders who cheer FB BB (Josie) and Mrs. Mersman (10/31) Daily Updates on Google Classroom November Deliverables Fill out fundraising paperwork (11/3) Assign leadership roles (11/14) Contact anyone who may need to be contacted (11/22) Find ideas on how we will fundraise (11/24) Set up online fundraising page (11/29) If doing silent auction, ask businesses and general public if they would like to donate anything to the cause (11/30) Daily Updates on Google Classroom Weekly meetings between the different committees December Deliverables Decide on an incentiveShow MoreRelatedSocial Housing s Design Approach And Its Associated Urban Planning2536 Words   |  11 Pagesdesign approach and its associated urban planning in modern era. â€Å"The physical and social theories† outlines the urban planning idea of social housing (Utopian idea) and according to Jane’s statement, such experiment of these theories were deem to be unsuccessful. 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The Battle Of The Revolutionary War - 1811 Words

The revolutionary war marked the start of our country. The colonists rebelled against unfair British government control from across the ocean, and decided to build a free country on their own. They fought back in a war named the Revolutionary War, which took 8 hard fought years from 1775-1783 for the US to win. Except they never actually won. What really happened was much less glamorous and inspiring. We could have never won a war against Britain. They were the superpower at that time and would be through the reign of Queen Victoria, and their army more than dwarfed our collection of soldiers.. What happened, was Britain couldn’t win. Like many other big nations at that time, Britain had a lot of land very far away from their mainland, and that land was very hard to control and govern. Because of America s geography and location, Britain had a very hard time crushing us like they needed to in a war. Essentially, geography lost Britain the war. Because of America’s far distance from England, the unfamiliar terrain for the British to fight on, and the shear size of the colonies, it was impractical and at a certain point impossible for them to win a war against the Americans. Because the colonies were so far away from Britain, it made it very hard for them to transport necessary materials over, and it was very hard for them to smoothly run operations in America as it took very long for messages to travel back and forth. Britain was used to fighting on European terrain. TheyShow MoreRelatedThe Battle Of The Revolutionary War1263 Words   |  6 Pagesthe militiamen continued to move forward. As the militiamen closed in the British fired the first volley, Private Abner Hosmer and Captain Isaac Davis were at the head of the march and were killed instantly. That volley was the start of the Revolutionary War and is now known as the â€Å"Shot Heard around the World†. The militiamen returned the volley which devastated the Redcoats. 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This lead to events such as the Boston Tea Party and Boston Massacre which only angered both sides more. The first battle of the war was Lexington and Concord. A major battle of the war was TheRead MoreThe American Revolutionary War : The Battle Of Yorktown Essay1192 Words   |  5 PagesThe American Revolutionary War was a war that brought unity among American Colonies. The Colonies fought Great Britain for many years to gain their independence from the mother country. The American Revolutionary War was between the years of 1775 and 1783. There were many major battles fought, but one major battle that ended the long war was the Battle of Yorktown. The Battle of Yorktown was â€Å"fought September 28 to October 19, 1781† (â€Å"American Revolution: Battle of Yorktown†). The battle was a successfulRead MoreBattle Of Trenton And The American Revolutionary War2264 Words   |  10 Pages Abstract Battle of Trenton was analyzed to ascertain what Military Intelligence assets could have been used to provide a different outcome to the battle for the British forces. The Battle of Trenton is widely considered to be the turning point of the American Revolutionary War. If the British Commander had used his intelligence assets appropriately, it could have led to a different outcome to the battle. A different outcome would have changed the course of the war and possibly led to a BritishRead MoreThe Boston Massacre : The First Battle Of The Revolutionary War1727 Words   |  7 PagesDuring the Revolutionary War, several events are key to the buildup of tension between Britain and its colonists. Many of these events were due to the actions of the British. The introductions of the Quartering Act by the homeland and the tariffs put on various goods were all essential in the rising action of the ongoing dispute at hand. The inevitability of war grew greater with each of these occurre nces, with the colonists being pushed further to rebellion congruently. However, among all of theseRead MoreThe Importance of the Battle of Monmouth in the American Revolutionary War3861 Words   |  16 PagesThe Importance of the Battle of Monmouth in the American Revolutionary War Few, when writing about the American Revolution, list the Battle of Monmouth among the significant battles. It was hardly a bloody battle, with only about seven-hundred total casualties. It was not a decisive battle, it was not a battle in which we gained or lost a key position, and it was not a battle in which we point to as an example of how to conduct an engagement. In fact, it was not a battle in which one can say that

Mexican National Flag And Crest Persuasive Essay Example For Students

Mexican National Flag And Crest Persuasive Essay The Mexican National Flag and EmblemThe Mexican National Flag and its crest are symbols that represent the nation. Its origination can be traced back to the period of independence, when Mexico broke free from European foreign rule. The history of the crest or emblem of the flag is based on the representation of the founding of the land were Tenochtitlan was built. According to legend the Aztec God of War had given them a sign in which they were to build their Empire. The sign was an eagle perched on a cactus that would be tearing apart a serpent. After a long journey traveling from Aztlan, which is currently Nayarit, the Aztecs found what they had been searching for in the valley of Mexico, the eagle on the cactus on the shores of Lake Anahuac, on a small island. The sign given by Huitzilopochtli (the Aztec God of War) is reproduced in the emblem of the National Flag. The renovation of life to the indigenous people is depicted in the eagle, in left profile, standing up and perched on a nopal cactus. The eagle is resting on its left claw while holding a rattlesnake with its right claw and griping the other portion of the snake with its beak as if ready to tear it apart. The nopal cactus on which the eagle stands is emerging from an islet, which is a small island. The cactus contains red cactus fruit (tunas), which represents the human heart to the Aztecs. The national emblem also contains a symbol of a republic along with the pre-Hispanic codices (manuscripts such as symbols). The republic is symbolized in the lower part of the emblem containing two garlands joined by a three colored ribbon, on its left is oak and on its right is laurel. The use of the banners and ribbons can be dated back to ancient Mexican history. Evidence shows that the Az tecs, Tlaxcaltecans, Tepenecas and other tribes used banners with various symbols to identify themselves with their government or state. Prior to the establishment of the Mexican National Flag, the colonial period used emblems of the monarchs to represent the Spanish Territory. Spaniards were accustomed to using their own pendants and standards however; they used nothing to represent the colonial nation as a whole. Mexico began using banners during the period of independence when Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla started the independence movement in September 15, 1810. Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla adopted the image of the Virgin of Guadalupe from his sanctuary and placed it on the army’s flag. Shortly after Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, the supreme congress reunited in Michoacan in 1815 where three flags were created, one of war, one of parliament, and one of commerce. The flag of war had blue and white blocks surrounding the flag outline with red with an eagle on the center standing on a cactus. This flag was used a lot during many of the battles that helped sustain the liberty of the nation. Other leaders of the independence movement also used their own flags, which contained the colors green, white, and red. Later on Vicente Guerrero and Augustine de Iturbide joined forces to declare Mexico an independent constitutional monarchy, and on February 24, 1821, on which they published the Iguala Plan. The people who were currently living in Mexico (Spaniards, Creoles, Indians and Mestizos) were to be known as citizens of Mexico, (Mexicans). Iturbide then used the colors green, white, and red to depict the flag of the new nation. The colors were shown in three diagonal fractions, one of them red with a white star on it, another green with a red star on it and the other section white with a green star on it. In the center a gold imperial crown with the words Independence, Religion, and Union shown around it. The color white symbolized religion, the green independence, and the red union. This flag was later called the â€Å"Bandera de Las Tres Garantias.†In 1821 the colors of the flag were used in different order. During the Provisional Government the order of the three colored sections of the flag were to be used in vertical positions with the order of the colors to be green first, then white, and red and the eagle standing on a cactus plat in the center with a crown on its head. .u557332881342ae964a165f811ee024a5 , .u557332881342ae964a165f811ee024a5 .postImageUrl , .u557332881342ae964a165f811ee024a5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u557332881342ae964a165f811ee024a5 , .u557332881342ae964a165f811ee024a5:hover , .u557332881342ae964a165f811ee024a5:visited , .u557332881342ae964a165f811ee024a5:active { border:0!important; } .u557332881342ae964a165f811ee024a5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u557332881342ae964a165f811ee024a5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u557332881342ae964a165f811ee024a5:active , .u557332881342ae964a165f811ee024a5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u557332881342ae964a165f811ee024a5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u557332881342ae964a165f811ee024a5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u557332881342ae964a165f811ee024a5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u557332881342ae964a165f811ee024a5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u557332881342ae964a165f811ee024a5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u557332881342ae964a165f811ee024a5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u557332881342ae964a165f811ee024a5 .u557332881342ae964a165f811ee024a5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u557332881342ae964a165f811ee024a5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Health Care System EssayIn 1823 the Mexican government became a republic and according to the constitution the flag should have three vertical bands of different colors. The one closest to the flagpole should be green, the middle one white, and the one farthest to the flagpole red. The colors were then chosen green to represent the laurels of victory and hope, white for purity, and red for the blood of the heroes who shed for the independence. The middle section would depict and eagle of Mexican origin without the crown, found standing on a nopal cactus growing on a rock surrounded by water. The eagle is found standing on its left leg holding the serpent with its right claws and grasping it with its beak as if ready to tear it apart. In addition it would be surrounded by the symbols of the republic, the oak and laurel braches tied together with a three-color ribbon. Since then the elements of the flag have been conserved, although the emblem and the eagle has change from time to time in the forms of profile view to frontal view and also three fourths position. In 1865 the emblem changed when the emperor Maximilian be shown in frontal view with a crown shown over the eagle. Later, Porfirio Diaz ordered the eagle to be facing forward with its wings outspread. Venustiano Carranza also changed it when he decided that the eagle should be in left profile and bear the characteristics noted by the Mexican government when they discovered Tenochtitlan. Till now, presidents have modified the emblem however; the emblem as designed by the administration of Carranza’s administration has been kept and respected. History Essays

Research Paper on Water Pollution Research Paper Example

Research Paper on Water Pollution Paper The water pollution can take many forms: chemical, bacteriological, but also a thermal pollution. In addition, it have to be taken into account that polluted water and water bodies may be fresh, brackish, or salt, ground or surface. It may even be rain or dew, snow or polar ice. It can also involve interfaces, including estuaries, wetlands, and particularly its sediments that can absorb and release some pollutants. Sediment can be heavily polluted and retain traces of ancient pollution (there are sometimes a great amount of shot and fishing lead where these activities are practiced). The fight against pollution is very difficult because what is at the bottom of the water, or diluted in water is often invisible, and some toxic infiltrated into the ground often produce their effects after a long time and many pollutants act in complex synergies. In addition, a spill of 4,000 liters of carbon tetrachloride, which occurred near Erstein in 1970, which passed almost unnoticed at the time, twenty years later led to contamination of groundwater and dug a well seven kilometers downstream. Nitrates can achieve some layers after several decades. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Water Pollution specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Water Pollution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Water Pollution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Water pollution usually occurs by direct or indirect contact of contaminants with the water, in the absence of adequate measures for the treatment and disposal of hazardous substances. In most cases, contamination of water remains invisible because contaminants are dissolved in it. Nevertheless, there are exceptions: foaming cleansers as well as floating oil products and raw sewage. There are also several natural pollutants. Aluminum compounds, which are in the ground, get into water as a result of chemical reactions. The floods washed out of the soil of grassland magnesium compounds, which cause great damage to fish stocks. However, the amount of natural contaminants is negligible compared with human caused pollution. Every year, thousands tons of chemicals with unpredictable effects get in water pools. The water can indicate elevated levels of toxic heavy metals (such as cadmium, mercury, lead, and chromium), pesticides, nitrates, and phosphates, oil, surfactants, and drugs. As you may know, every year up to 12 million tons of oil gets in the oceans. Acid rains make some contribution to the increase in the concentration of heavy metals in water. They are capable of dissolving minerals in the soil, which leads to the increase the content of heavy metal ions in the water. Due to the activity of the nuclear power plants, radioactive waste products get into water. A decent research proposal on water pollution must contain only verified and accurate information on the phenomenon. For that matter, you might get interested in using free sample research papers on different topics, which will show you how to properly prepare, structure, and compose a good research project. At EssayLib.com writing service you can order a custom research paper on Water Pollution topics. Your research paper or research proposal will be written from scratch. We hire top-rated Ph.D. and Master’s writers only to provide students with professional research paper assistance at affordable rates. Each customer will get a non-plagiarized paper with timely delivery. Just visit our website and fill in the order form with all research paper details: Enjoy our professional research paper writing service!

The History of Pi Essays - Pi, Approximations Of, Free Essays

The History of Pi Essays - Pi, Approximations Of, Free Essays Pi The History of Pi A little known verse in the bible reads And he made a molten sea, ten cubits from the one brim to the other; it was round all about, and his height was five cubits; and a line of thirty cubits did compass it about(I Kings 7, 23). This passage from the bible demonstrates the ancient nature of the irrational number pi. Pi in fact is mentioned in a number of verses throughout the bible. In II Chronicles 4,2, in the passage describing the building of the great temple of Solomon which was built around 950BC, pi is given as equal to three. This value is not very accurate at all and should not even be considered accurate for its time, however it should be noted that precision was not needed for the task that was being performed and we should let the general concept of pi that the biblical characters posses impress us. Present knowledge suggests that the concept of pi first developed in 2000 BC in two separate cultures. The Babylonians used pi at a value of 25/8 while an entirely different culture, the ancient Egyptians used pi at a value of 256/81. While the biblical calculation of pi=3 most likely came from crude measurement, there is strong reason to believe, because of the relative accuracy of the values, that the Babylonians and Egyptians found pi by means of mathematical equations. In the Egyptian Rhind Papyrus, which is dated around 1650 BC, there is strong evidence supporting that the Egyptians used 4(8/9)2 =3.16 for their value of pi. At that point in history, and for the majority of modern history, pi was not seen as an irrational number as it is today. The next culture that investigated pi was the ancient Greeks. Starting in 434 BC Greeks were unraveling the mysteries of pi. The mathematician Anaxagoras made an unsuccessful attempt at finding pi, which he called squaring the circle and in 414 BC, 20 years after Anaxagoras failed in his attempt to square the circle, Aristophanes refers to the work of Anaxagoras in his comedy The Birds. It took over 100 years for the Greeks to finally find a value for pi. In 240 BC Archimedes of Syracuse showed that 223/71*pi*22/7. Archimedes knew, what so many people today do not, that pi does not equal 22/7 and he made no claim to have discovered the exact value of pi. However if we take the average of his two bounds we obtain pi=3.1418, which was an error of about 0.0002. Archimedes found the most accurate value of pi up to that time and his value would be used exclusively until the next discovery in the world of pi. The next major finding concerning pi did not occur in the western world, but in China by Tsu Chung-chih who approximated pi at 355/113 in 480 AD. Next to nothing except for this work is known about Tsu Chung-chihs life but it is very unlikely that he had any awareness of Archimedes work. We shall now notice how during the dark ages of Europe, the lead in the research of pi is passed to the East. Aryabhata, working on his own in Persia without any outside information in 515 AD was able to approximate pi to 3 decimal places. A mathematician from Baghdad named AlKhwarizimi worked with pi however the most accurate finding of pi to date was found even more east in Samarkand by Al-Khashi. In 1430 AD he approximated pi to 16 decimal places, the most to date. His work however, would be the last of note from the east as the European Renaissance brought about a whole new mathematical world. The first notable discovery in the approximation of pi from the European Renaissance was by Viete in 1593 AD. He expressed pi as an infinite product by using only 2s and square roots. In 1610 Ludolph van Ceulen demonstrated the new thought coming out of the Renaissance by calculating pi to 35 decimal places. Around the same time, Snell refined Archimedess method of calculating pi, and Snells work was used by Grienberger to calculate pi to 39 decimal places in 1630. In 1655 Wallis showed that pi/2=2/1*2/3*4/3*4/5*6/5*6/7*8/7*8/9..... The 18th centuary brought about great

Business and Society Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Business and Society - Case Study Example From this study it is clear that Warhead cables were used in missiles and to prove its quality, it underwent a series of tests. It was tested using an elevated heat test where it was bent at a ninety degree angle and placed in an oven at approximately 105 degrees for seven hours. If the seal did not delaminate, then the cables passed the test. Then Stanton could prepare a detailed report of the test results. In the previous week, a large order came by with a short time period.   On Friday, Stanton tested the batch of cables and two out of the ten tested had a problem. He immediately reported this to Harry who directed him to wait and see if the source inspector could note the problem. Stanton did not like this directive at all as he thought of all innocent civilians out there who would suffer form this unethical behavior. These cables were used in missiles fuses and Stanton was worried sick of a problem arising if these cables were to be used. What if a missile was to fire itself a nd harm innocent civilians? He thought of anyone in the parent corporation that he could contact but to no avail.According to the discussion  Bryson corporation should act ethically due to the dangers they would be exposing civilians into if they failed to act ethically. Considering the warhead cables are used to manufacture switches used in missiles unethical behavior could cost innocent lives in the case of such missiles firing themselves.

Personal Narrative Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Personal Narrative - Essay Example I was happy and determined to bring in new energy and give my team a winning goal. In the last minute, I intercepted the ball and dribbled down the court, face to face with the goal keeper. As cheers grew wilder, I send a strong shot past the goalkeeper to the back of the net. The loud cheers made me very confident but only the opposing team shared my excitement. After noticing the disappointment on my teammates, it hit me hard that I had scored in our post to give our opponents a late goal (Heim, 2013). When I got home, my brother noticed the disappointment in my voice and gloomy face and I had to give out the details of my mistake and what it meant to the team. He explained to me that he scored for the opposing team to give it a win in the championship when he was in college and, thus, I should take it easy because there were worse situations. When I went to school the next day, I felt silly to face my mates but my brothers story gave me confidence because I realized that I am not the only one who has scored for the

Conflict in Sudan Essay Example for Free

Conflict in Sudan Essay There have been many conflicts in different regions of the world, causing a lot of effects to the humanity and the natural environment, which has always remained a silent victim. Many people have been killed because of these conflicts, while causing lot of devastating effects to the environment. During the war, a lot of pollutants are released to the environment which ends up affecting human beings and the natural resources. Other resources are depleted in the ensuing conflicts. The major concerns on the current issues about conflicts, both internal and regional are found in the developing countries. These countries do not have the economic capacity to deal with the conflict situation, hence making the problems even worse (IRIN, 2007). Africa has had along time history of civil war from the colonial times, and many are still evidenced today. Â  Most of the African nations fight over borders, which were mostly demarcated by the colonialists. These are regional conflicts, while internal conflicts arises due to the people fighting for scarce natural resources, for instance fertile farming land, and water. The Sudanese president is a wanted man on the list of the International Criminal Court (ICC) for crimes against humanity in the conflict that has been taking place in the country for almost 20 years, leaving hundreds of thousands of people dead (Goldberg, 2009). Causes and Effects of War in Sudan There has been a long civil war in Southern Sudan that has led to the international community through the United Nations and the African union to try and broker peace. The war witnessed in the region is considered as a fight between the different ethnic and tribal groups (IRIN, 2007). The mostly known conflicting groups are the government side and the Janjaweed rebel group. There is however other smaller rebel groups that have complicated the matter further. The major cause of the war in Sudan has been attributed to fighting for water between the Baggara nomads who moved to the South (an area occupied by the farming community), in search of water. This conflict has led to many deaths in the region, despite the presence of the peace forces. There are other reasons that have been cited as having contributed to the conflict, although the major reason has been the increase in population which the natural resources are not able to hold, hence making the groups to fight over the scarce resources. On the other hand, there have been claims that the Arab dominants, who are Muslims, have been fighting the Black Africans, who are mostly Christians to wipe them from the region. This is what has led to the US declaring this to be a form of genocide, which has taken place under the watch of President Al Bashir who the ICC wants arrested for the crimes (Goldberg, 2009). As already mentioned, the war was triggered by fighting for scarce resources, which was water. However, considering the continued fights, the environment is even endangered more, making it more impossible to support the population. This on the other hand aggravates the situation when the natural resources are not able to support them. The conflict over resources in Sudan started at a local level in Darfur region, but developed into becoming a national issue whereby economic and political marginalization has been heightened. The situation has been made worse because of ethnicity differences. Therefore, despite economic and political and religious factors contributing to the conflict in Darfur Sudan, the major problem has surrounded the environment. The Sudanese Arabs who are nomads moved southwards in search of greener pastures and water for their animals and entered the territory of the Black farmers, leading to the two groups to conflict. The Black farmers complained to the Khartoum government, but on realizing that the government was not keen on solving the problem, the Black farmers rebelled against the government. This rebellion led to fighting between the people, destroying a lot of property, both manmade and naturally (Borger, 2007). The two groups fighting each other have distinct life styles, hence through their fights; each tries to destroy the strategic areas that the other depends on, as a way of weakening them. For instance, the nomads usually would graze their animals on the crops of the farmers, destroying their source of livelihood. On the other hand, the farmers set the grazing land for the nomads on fire so that they lack animal feeds. Furthermore, as the nomads are known of moving from one region o another in search of greener pastures, the farmers have blocked their migration paths, forcing them to overgraze in one region, hence also affecting their source of livelihood. Such actions from both camps have made the situation to be worse as the conflict continues. Many of the refugees from Sudan have fled to the neighboring countries like Chad. The asylums in the neighboring countries have not made the refugees completely safe, but have even put the lives of the residents of the host country in danger. This is because the Janjaweed rebels have been following the refugees to their camps, and attacking them from there. This has made the residents in the host country who live near the refugee camps to move away from them to areas that are more secure. In essence, the citizens have been made insecure in their own land. This on the other hand might thus cause conflict between the refugees and the citizens of the host country, which again might rise to the national level (Gouroukoun, 2006). Conclusion The major effect of the Sudan’s conflict has been on the number of the people who have been killed. This is basically a major concern to everybody, including the humanitarian groups that are mostly found in Sudan, and the international community. However, it has to be understood that since the Sudan conflict is directly linked to the natural resources, which is an environmental, issue, the conflict has continued to affect the environment even to higher magnitude. The Arab Sudanese have always been cutting trees which the farmers have planted in their farms, as well as grazing on the farmers’ crops. On the other hand, the farmers have been burning the grazing land for the nomads. All these actions have got detrimental effects to the environment. The nomads moved southwards in search of greener pastures, yet they are cutting the trees that are important in rain formation, then it is obvious that a dry spell would be in the region for a long time. On the other hand, as the Black farmers burn the grazing ground, this also affects their farming activities since important macro organisms are killed. Therefore, all these environmental impacts would make the conflict to remain for a long time as long the involved bodies are only concerned with solving the immediate humanitarian crisis, rather than looking at the root cause of the problem, and how to avert it occurring in future. Reference: Borger, Julian (2007). Darfur conflict heralds era of wars triggered by climate change, UN report warns. Retrieved on March 24, 2009 from http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2007/jun/23/sudan.climatechange. Goldberg, M. L. (2009). The President of Sudan to be a Wanted War Criminal, retrieved on March 24, 2009 from http://www.undispatch.com/node/7698. Gouroukoun (2006). Chadians Increasingly Feel Impact of Darfur Conflict, Retrieved on March 24, 2009, from http://www.voanews.com/english/archive/2006-04/2006-04-21-voa44.cfm. IRIN. (2007). Sudan: Climate change only one cause among many for Darfur conflict, retrieved on March 24, 2009 from http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/news/2007/06/mil-070628-irin03.htm.

Dylan Thomas Essay -- essays research papers

Despite Dylan Thomas’ often obscure images, he expresses a clear message of religious devotion in many of his poems. He creates images that reflect God’s connection with the earth and body. In “And death shall have no dominion,'; Thomas portrays the redemption of the soul in death, and the soul’s liberation into harmony with nature and God. Thomas best depicts his beliefs, though abstract and complicated, to the reader with the use of analogies and images of God’s presence in nature. Appreciating the virtue of humility in “Shall gods be said to thump the clouds,'; Thomas associates God with thunder, rainbows, and night only to remind us that He is even more present in a simple stone as He is in other great entities. In “The force that through the green fuse drives the flower,'; Thomas again makes the connection of body and earth, implying that there is only one holy force that has created all motion and life on this planet. This force, becaus e it is so pure and boundless, is present in the shadows and poverty of our world, as depicted in “Light breaks where no sun shines.'; God’s sacred presence in the body and earth is the ultimate theme within these chosen poems. In “The force that through the green fuse drives the flower,'; Dylan Thomas illustrates the connection between the earth, the body, and God. He discusses how both nature and man are propelled by the same holy force and therefore are united. He does not propose the question of how the stem grows to create a flower or how blood circulates within the body, but rather what is the ultimate force behind all motion and life on the earth. “The force that through the green fuse drives the flower / Drives my green age/…The force that drives the water through the rocks / Drives my red blood;'; In these analogies, Thomas humbles the human race and depicts God’s presence in all natural things, including humans. Thomas reveals that we are not a separate entity, but only part of a greater existence. Aside from the holy force that propels the world, Thomas also examines how we alter the way our lives should naturally progress. Death is a stage of life; as a rose is bent or killed by the cold so should we age and eventually die in due time. However, Thomas analyzes human and natural... ...s,'; and “waste allotments.'; This stanza is the most important because it claims that “When logics die, / The secret soil grows through the eye, / And blood jumps in the sun.'; Making the final connection with the holy presence in the earth that grows up through the body and into the brain, Thomas conveys that God will save us and be there when we are empty and he will bless us at times when we need it most. In these poems and many others, Dylan Thomas expresses God’s presence and unconditional love for everyone. He has conventional spiritual views, occasionally alluding to the Bible, but his images are unique. He describes heaven with the stars and the wind, and connects God with thunder, rainbows, and gravel. Using the motion and life on the earth, Dylan Thomas facilitates these concrete ideas to describe his abstract spiritual beliefs. Nature is an ideal way to describe God because He is present everywhere on our earth. Whether it be the soul’s redemption into heaven with God and the earth or God’s great force that creates all motion on the planet, His presence is the theme that Dylan Thomas expresses best of all of his poetry.

Andragogy: Self-Directed Learning in My Personal Perspective

Yet it is interesting to note that it was not Lineman who taught Knowles the term ‘androgyny; Lineman used the word in Cavities, introduced Knowles to the word and its meaning, since the term has had much more currency in the Eastern European countries than it has had until recently n the West. 20th Century Thinkers in Adult Education by Peter Serves THE ANDROGYNY When applying androgyny to learning, task or goal of the learner will determine if direct or indirect methods of instruction should be used. If a concept is one that is previously unknown to the learner, then more direct instruction will be necessary.An effective method is to address specific topics of immediate concern and then expand to how it can be applied in other situations. However, the learner needs to know why the concept to be learned is important in order for the learner to remain motivated. Despite the learner ultimately having control of learning through self-directed means, the instructor and instruction al designer needs to facilitate the opportunities for the learner to experience growth. Androgyny reorients adult educators from educating people to helping them learn.The methods used may range from isolated instruction within a curriculum or integrated instruction. It may also encompass intentional and unintentional learning situations. As an example, when designing materials to facilitate learning a computer program, providing a list of commands that must be memorized is inadequate. The instructions need to be organized by task and presented in a manner similar to how it will be used. There is a significant amount of flexibility provided in regards to the development of interpersonal and interpersonal dimensions.However, the learner must be within an environment that values self-directed learning. Knowles places an emphasis on the concept of the safe environment. In particular with workplace training and development, McGregor Theory X ; Theory Y Management Philosophy comes into p lay. If an organization is based in Theory X and they attempt to utilize training ; development based n the principles found in Rorer's Experiential Learning, then there will be resistance to the training that could prevent its success.Knowles envisioned that learning was lifelong. A particular skill might be taught once; however, within a supportive environment, the learner might learn new approaches or methodologies from their fellow learners over time. Even though there is a lot of emphasis on the self-directed learner, this person cannot exist in a vacuum. They need to be surrounded by other self-directed learners and grouped in a manner that they can learn new perspectives from learners with different, but applicable experiences. Androgyny, Malcolm Knowles, by Steven R.Crawford THE SIX ASSUMPTIONS OF ANDROGYNY Knowles had already begun building a comprehensive theory of adult learning that is anchored in the characteristics of adult learners. Beginning with concepts researched by Cross (Adult Learning Theory), Eagan (Conditions of Learning), Hole, Rogers (Experiential Learning), Tough, and others, he developed the angelical model based on several assumptions that differed from the accepted pedagogical models. The Need to Know An adult needs to know why they need to learn something before undertaking to learn it. Similar to myself, the decision I had made to further my study in knowledge.Knowledge can be gain anywhere, I can improve my knowledge Just trough reading education material in National Library or buying books from the books store. The main reason first come up in my mind was I need to improve my colonization with people and build confidence in myself while communicate with other people in proper manner. We can communicate with our friends, neighbors, siblings or relatives but usually we use our own mother tongue language and sometimes I do not know how to explain, describes or give opinion so that people can understand and not keep hurt feeling i f I was wrong in using word.From my point of view, learning to use correct word according to situation is only can be tough in formal classroom because I will force myself to accept other people comment toward me. The Learner's Self-concept Adults have a self-concept of being responsible for their own decisions, for their own lives. Once they have arrived at that self-concept they develop a deep psychological need to be seen by others and treated by others as being capable of self-direction. When making decision to continuing my study, I had put all important things in my fife into consideration and isolate unimportant things.The hard thing for me to made decision is I do not have financial support as I Just quit from my Job because I felt not confidence to communicate because my Job was as customer service, at the same time I had car loan, personal loan to be paid and daily expenses to be put in count so yet I decide to do part-time work during my study and my parents lend me their money before I got my scholarship. All this decision I made nevertheless not depending on others decision and I bared all the consequences if a failed to finish my study with flying colors.The Role of the Learner's Experience Adults come into educational activity with both a greater volume and a different quality of experience from youths. Differ from my experience when study in diploma, all decision is made by my parents and influence from friends. I Just follow directly what course I should choose to learn and what university I had to go. This kind of experience give me lack value of knowledge, I Just study to pass not for my own sake. This decision, the way I am study and what sort of material I need to prepared is guidance by past experience, I become more tolerate in time schedule and more Ochs on my study.Opportunity to improve soft skills such as communication skill is grabbing when time has come. Take example when international student asking me about subject being taught i n class I force myself trying hardly to explain so that they can really understand me and that give me very high satisfaction. Readiness to Learn Adults become ready to learn those things they need to know and be able to do in order to cope effectively with their real-life situation. Every subject I been taught in class will be relate to my real-life, question will floating in my mind what if I used this teeth in my work or use it in my daily life.I love new experience and ready to be out from my comfort zone. That is means; I ready to learn something new or used different method to solve problem even thought I already have my own method that I familiar with. Take example, when your friend told you there is other way to understand one paragraph, event I used to with my own may, but I try to do with their way which is new to me. Usually I am easy to cope with new environment and environment does not mean that I forget my own culture, I will used it to compare, adapting good thing and share it with my own people.Orientation to Learning In contrast to children's and youths' subject-centered orientation to learning (at least in school), adults are life-centered (or task-centered or problem-centered) in their orientation to learning. Exactly, when I want to learn something I will find solution by collecting data from many sources such as magazines, internet or books that give me immediate solution for example if I got new knowledge on how to planning my work schedule I will immediately practice it with my daily life so that it will easier for me to familiar with new schedule.Outside from class room or formal learning, I also learn from informal learning such as, understand other people culture as study in Universities Ethnology Malaysia (TM) need me to socialize with foreign student, in the way to have good relationship with them I need to try at least to understand the way of their thinking sometimes their culture might be different from my own culture.Having good relationship with other people is actually a ticket for me to learn how they develop their culture and successful in what they are doing especially the Chinese and also the Arabic people. Motivation While adults are responsive to some external motivators (better Jobs, promotions, higher salaries, and the like), the most potent motivators are internal pressures (the desire for increased Job satisfaction, self-esteem, quality of life and the like).It is hard for me to find a good Job that relate to what I had study in my undergraduate because in Malaysia's Job market, there is so many applicant that compete for the position which is at the same level of our certificate especially in government sector. The position for grade 41 usually offered only quartile (in my point of view) from total applicant under same certification level and this give very tough competition among us.

A Great Audience Member Kevin Williamson, A Roving...

How to be a Great Audience Member! Kevin Williamson, a roving correspondent for the National Review magazine and theater critic for The New Criterion, attended a performance of a new cabaret-type musical named â€Å"War and Peace†, written by â€Å"Natasha, Pierre, and the Great Comet of 1812.† While Mr. Williamson was at the musical he was seated on a bench next to a woman who was impolitely using her phone throughout the musical. Mrs. Williamson asked the young woman if she would mind putting away her cell phone during the musical because it was becoming a distraction. She rudely told Mr. Williamson â€Å"So don’t look† and â€Å"to mind his own business.† After boiling with anger, Williamson took the cellphone out of her hands and threw it into some curtains. Williamson is now being called a hero for taking a stand against a disrespectful and inconsiderate audience member (Signore). Audiences are comprised of individuals gathered together at a certain time and place at a public e vent, such as a play, movie, concert, or meeting. As a member of an audience, each individual is expected to be respectful to the audience and the performers until after the event has concluded by arriving early, no use of electronics, and remaining silent. Highlands Little Theatre, located in Sebring, FL, suggests to their audiences that before they decide to buy a ticket for a performance they need to go take a look at theatre etiquette on their website. The website lists rights, responsibilities, roles, and